Sign Up – entrants may sign into the league up until Sunday evening 9pm (March the 4th). However no trading in the FX markets is allowed until the markets open on that Sunday.
What is Foreign Exchange (FX) Trading?
In finance foreign exchange means currencies which are traded by institutions, companies, speculators etc. on the open market. At present an average of $1.9 trillion dollars is traded across the globe in the FX market on a daily basis.
An important component of this market is speculators (traders), who players of this game will be imitating for a two week period. Their aim is to analyse information (primarily economic and political) hoping to predict the future price movements and trends of currency pairings. They then assume positions in the market which allow them to take advantage of these price movements to generate a profit.
Signing up to Bullbearings – www.bullbearings.co.uk
We will be playing the trading game on the above website; this mirrors the currency markets and allows real time trading i.e. 9pm GMT Sunday until 10pm GMT Friday. To sign up go to the website select the ‘join now’ option located in the horizontal blue tab bar bellow the advertisement banner. Fill in your personal, login, miscellaneous and university details, you only need to fill in the red * boxes but please fill in which university you attend, you have now opened your virtual trading account.
Joining the League
Clicking ‘summary’ in the blue tab under the banner brings you to the main page from which you will direct your account. In the column of options on the left click ‘your league options’. In the middle of the displayed page is join league option – click ‘W’ and scroll down to the league WBF – FX Trader 07 and click join the league, enter the password – ‘Merrill Lynch’, capitals required.
Price Quotes
Just like in all markets, there are two prices for every currency pair. “BID” price on the left and the ASK (or offer) price on the right. The difference between these two prices is the spread, or the cost of the trade.
GBP/USD 1.7995 – 1.7999
Most currencies are quoted to four decimal places (with the exception of the Japanese Yen which is 2) you can see here that the difference is 4 units , each unit of price is known as a pip, so the difference is 4 pips.
Placing Trades
Because you can trade A) long or B) short you have two options with each currency pairing, A) Buy (long) – in the expectation that the exchange rate will rise B) Sell (short)– in the expectation the exchange rate will fall.
Example 1: BUY - Long Trade
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Trader’s Action
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Exchange Rate
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GBP Pos.
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USD Pos.
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1) Buys 100k GBP/USD
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1.7995-1.7999
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100,000
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-179,990
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2) Sells 100k GBP/USD to close their position
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1.8101-1.8105
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-100,000
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181,010
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Example 2: SELL - Short Trade
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Trader’s Action
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Exchange Rate
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USD Pos.
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SGD Pos.
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1) Sells 100k USD/SGD
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1.6738-1.6745
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-100,000
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167,380
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2) Buys 100k USD/SGD to close their position
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1.6615-1.6619
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100,000
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-166,190
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You will see that the profit of a trade is always calculated in the second currency. If you are trading an account that is denominated in sterling, this profit will then need to be exchanged back into sterling using the current exchange rate.
To place a trade access you FX portfolio (summary → fantasy FX) and above your current open positions click a light blue bar titled ‘place FX Trade’. Use the drop down tab or list to choose the currency pairing you wish to trade e.g. GBP vs. NOK – Norwegian Krone. Data on the current bid / ask price is now displayed and a graph of recent price movements. Above the graph of recent activity select the blue tab ‘trade this currency pairing’. Select the value and type of trade you wish to process, clicking ‘trade’ will process the trade however you are able to set limits upon your trade using features explained below:
Stop and Limit Orders
Because of the geared nature of trading on margin, the volatility of the FX Market and the fact that it trades 24 hours a day, it essential to have access to facilities that let you open or close positions if certain levels are reached.
Limit Order
A Limit order is one that is executed at a better price than the prevailing market price, i.e. for a Long FX Trade when the quoted currency drops to a certain level or for a Short FX Trade when the quoted currency rises to a certain level.
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Example: GBP/USD is currently trading at 1.7995 – 1.7999
Investor A wishes to buy 100,000 GBP/USD with a limit of 1.7990, therefore they do not wish the order to be opened unless GBP/USD reaches 1.7990.
This order is held by the FX Trading provider until the limit level is reached.
The next day the GBP/USD is 1.7986 – 1.7990 and an opening trade of 100000 GBP/USD is opened at the limit level of 1.7990.
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Stop orders
A stop order is one that is executed at a worse price than the prevailing market price one of the most common uses of this is a stop loss order. It is possible to make substantial profits when trading FX as well as substantial losses which is why many FX providers allow you to place a stop loss when you open a trade:
Stop Loss
A stop loss is a price level set by the client on a particular trade that if reached automatically closes out the particular position at the desired price.
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Example: USD/EUR is trading at .8135 – .8139
Trader A and Trader B both believe that the US Dollar will strengthen against the euro and both buy 100000 USD/EUR at .8139. However, Investor B also places a stop loss when he opens the trade at .8133
The following day USD/EUR drops steeply during the day trading down from .8135 to .8120
Investor A has not been watching the price of USD/EUR all day and therefore when he checks the price at the end of the day it is now .8120 – .8124 and he is running a $190 loss. Investor B has not been watching the market either however his position has been automatically closed out at his stop loss level of .8129 limiting his loss to just $60.
A stop order can also be used to open a trade for instance if you wished to open a Long position you may wait until the price was moving in the right direction and set a level higher than the prevailing market price.
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Leverage - Trading on Margin
Trading on margin means that a trader can utilize more capital than they have in their account. The volatility of currency pairs is usually less than other markets, such as futures and equities. Since there is less movement, traders leverage their capital to make money on smaller moves. The amount of margin available in Forex is as high as 1% (100:1 leverage), and generally up to 2% (50:1 leverage).
If you were to trade £100,000 GBP/USD you would be required to have at least £1000 at 1% margin or £2000 at 2% margin in your account to open the trade. Trading on margin is a double edged sword. You can lose money equally as fast as you make it. It is therefore vital to have a full understanding of the FX market and not commit too much of your equity to each trade.
Useful Websites
BullBearings provides guides and research which is provided in the left hand column of your virtual trading account. Also provided below is a list of useful links which may also assist you when making your trading decision.
Financial Times – this paper will provide valuable information.
FT Website - www.ft.com – full access to this website will be available through your libraries.
BBC news – Website provides economic news and market data.
UBS FX Strategy and Research, very technical - http://fxtrade.oanda.com/resources/ubsnews/index.shtml
Bloomberg - market data and news- http://www.bloomberg.com/
Winners
The winning university will be the university with the highest average portfolio at the end of the two week period. The individual winners will be those people with the highest portfolio values at the end of the two week period.
Note – BullBearings allows participants to trade in markets other than Fantasy FX, if a player chooses to speculate in these markets it is there choice. However it will have no effect on the FX league table and so will not influence the outcome of the game, for this reason I would advise players to focus on the FX markets.